What Causes Acid Reflux and How to Manage It
Understanding the Mechanism Behind Acid Reflux
Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, causing the burning sensation known as heartburn. The primary cause is a weakened or malfunctioning lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS), a ring of muscle that normally acts as a valve between the stomach and oesophagus. When this sphincter relaxes inappropriately or fails to close properly, acidic stomach contents can escape upward, irritating the sensitive oesophageal lining.
Common Dietary Triggers to Avoid
Certain foods and beverages are well-known triggers for acid reflux symptoms. Spicy foods, citrus fruits, tomatoes, chocolate, and mint can relax the LOS or increase acid production. Caffeinated drinks, alcohol, and carbonated beverages may also worsen symptoms. Fatty or fried foods delay stomach emptying, increasing pressure and reflux risk. Large meals can overwhelm the digestive system, whilst eating late at night doesn't allow gravity to help keep stomach contents down.
Lifestyle Factors Contributing to Acid Reflux
Several lifestyle factors can increase your risk of developing acid reflux. Obesity puts additional pressure on the stomach, pushing acid upward. Pregnancy hormones relax the LOS whilst the growing baby increases abdominal pressure. Smoking weakens the LOS and stimulates acid production. Stress and lack of sleep can affect digestive function and increase acid reflux symptoms. Tight clothing around the waist may also contribute by increasing abdominal pressure.
Medical Conditions and Medications
Hiatal hernias occur when part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm, disrupting normal LOS function and increasing reflux risk. Certain medications including NSAIDs, calcium channel blockers, and some antidepressants can worsen symptoms by relaxing the LOS or irritating the stomach lining. Medical conditions such as gastroparesis, scleroderma, and diabetes can affect normal digestive function and contribute to acid reflux.
Treatment Options Available
Proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole are highly effective treatments for acid reflux, working by reducing stomach acid production. Omeprazole 20mg is commonly prescribed and may be available over the counter for short-term use. However, proper medical assessment is important to determine the most appropriate treatment approach. EverydayMeds offers convenient online consultations where qualified healthcare professionals can assess your symptoms and prescribe suitable medications including omeprazole, lansoprazole, or other acid reflux treatments. Our service ensures you receive appropriate medication safely and legally, with ongoing support throughout your treatment.
