Common Acid Reflux Triggers and Risk Factors
What Causes Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid flows back up into the oesophagus, causing the burning sensation known as heartburn. The lower oesophageal sphincter (LES), a ring of muscle that acts as a valve between your stomach and oesophagus, normally prevents this backflow. When this muscle weakens or relaxes inappropriately, acid reflux symptoms develop.
Dietary Triggers That Worsen Acid Reflux
Certain foods and drinks are well-known triggers for acid reflux symptoms. Spicy foods, tomatoes, citrus fruits, and chocolate can irritate the oesophageal lining and increase acid production. Fatty and fried foods slow digestion, keeping food in the stomach longer and increasing pressure on the LES. Caffeine and alcohol can relax the LES muscle, making acid reflux more likely. Carbonated beverages may increase stomach pressure, pushing acid upward into the oesophagus.
Lifestyle Factors Contributing to Acid Reflux
Several lifestyle factors significantly impact acid reflux frequency and severity. Being overweight increases abdominal pressure, pushing stomach contents upward. Smoking weakens the LES and reduces saliva production, which normally helps neutralise acid. Eating large meals or lying down shortly after eating increases reflux risk. Stress and lack of sleep can worsen symptoms by affecting digestion and increasing stomach acid production.
Medical Conditions Associated with Acid Reflux
Certain medical conditions increase your likelihood of developing acid reflux. Hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm, disrupting normal LES function. Pregnancy causes hormonal changes that relax the LES whilst the growing baby increases abdominal pressure. Gastroparesis, a condition affecting stomach emptying, can worsen reflux symptoms. Some people have naturally weak LES muscles, making them more susceptible to acid reflux throughout their lives.
Medications That May Trigger Acid Reflux
Various medications can contribute to acid reflux symptoms. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and aspirin can irritate the stomach lining and increase acid production. Some blood pressure medications, particularly calcium channel blockers, may relax the LES. Certain antibiotics, pain medications, and antidepressants have been associated with increased reflux symptoms in some patients.
Treatment Options: Omeprazole and Other PPIs
When lifestyle modifications aren't sufficient, prescription medications like omeprazole may be recommended. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces stomach acid production by blocking the enzyme system responsible for acid creation. Available as 20mg capsules, omeprazole typically requires once-daily dosing and can provide significant relief from heartburn and GORD symptoms. At EverydayMeds, we stock omeprazole 20mg capsules alongside other acid reflux treatments including Losec MUPS, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole. Our online consultation service allows you to discuss your symptoms with qualified healthcare professionals who can determine whether prescription treatment is appropriate for your situation.
