Recognising Cold Sore Symptoms and Treatment Options
What Causes Cold Sores and Fever Blisters?
Cold sores are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), a common virus that remains dormant in nerve cells after initial infection. The virus can reactivate due to various triggers including stress, fatigue, illness, hormonal changes, or sun exposure. Once reactivated, it travels along nerve pathways to the skin surface, typically around the mouth and lips.
Early Warning Signs
The first stage involves a characteristic tingling, burning, or itching sensation around the lips or mouth area. This prodromal phase typically occurs 12-24 hours before visible blisters appear. Recognising these early symptoms is crucial as antiviral treatment is most effective when started promptly.
Treatment Options Available
Aciclovir represents the primary antiviral treatment for cold sores, available in both tablet and cream formulations. Aciclovir 400mg tablets may be prescribed for recurrent episodes, whilst aciclovir 5% cream can be applied topically. EverydayMeds stocks various antiviral treatments including aciclovir tablets and valaciclovir as alternative options. Treatment typically works best when initiated within the first 48 hours of symptom onset.
Managing Outbreaks
During active outbreaks, cold sores progress through distinct stages: initial tingling, blister formation, weeping phase, and finally crusting before healing. The complete cycle usually takes 7-10 days. Keeping the affected area clean and avoiding touching or picking at blisters helps prevent secondary bacterial infection and reduces transmission risk to others.
